Digital multimeter working principle electrical a2z. Magnetic flow meters works based on faradays law of electromagnetic induction. Based on the flow of current, the ferriwheel rotates which makes rotation of other wheels. Utilities are one of the electrical departments, which install these instruments at every place like homes, industries, organizations, commercial buildings to charge for the electricity consumption by loads such as lights, fans, refrigerator, and other home appliances. Finally, the principle of the software is the paced loop. Energy meters are the basic part to measure the power consumption. Working principle and construction of energy meter video lecture of measurement of capacitance chapter in subject electronic.
Types of energy meters and their working principles. Principles for the evolution of net energy metering and rate design share this document provides a consensus view of solar advocates for regulators and stakeholders considering rate design and compensation for distributed solar generation, including potential alternatives to net energy metering. In all induction meters, we have two fluxes which are produced by two different alternating currents on a metallic disc. To ensure correct use of the meter, please read this manual thoroughly. According to this principle, when a conductive medium passes through a magnetic field b, a voltage e is generated which is proportional to the velocity v of the medium, the density of the magnetic field and the length of the conductor. What is the working principle of energy meter answers. Energy meter or watthour meter is an electrical instrument that measures the amount of electrical energy.
Single phase energy meter theory pdf download mastercard. The basic unit of power is watts and it is measured by using a watt meter. Venturi meter is a device or component which is used for measuring the rate of flow of liquid through pipes. Principles for the evolution of net energy metering. Although volumetric flow under nominal conditions may be accurately calculated, the process conditions and fluid properties can vary sufficiently such that it is questionable if the measured volumetric flow rate or derived using velocity represents the required mass flow rates.
To understand the structure of watthour meter, we must. Controlling of electricity theft using smart prepaid. In simple language, this is defined as the sum of pressure energy, kinetic energy per unit volume and potential energy per unit volume equal in the same. When alternating current flow though two suitably located coils produces rotating magnetic field which is cut by the metallic disc suspended near to the coils thus emf induce in the disc which is circulates eddy current in it. Gas flows by the heated flow sensor and molecules of the gas transport heat away, the sensor cools, and energy is lost. Single phase energy meter theory pdf download mastercard downlood triber vodafon author. It states that in a steady, ideal flow of an incompressible fluid, the total energy at any point of the fluid is constant. Electrical energy meters principles and applications. Voltmeter working principle if an ammeter is of dc type, then it has polarity signs on it for ensuring appropriate connection for an upscale indication.
After calibrating voltage, the meter can be calibrated in terms of ohms. System10 btu meter installation and operation guide. A second terminal block between the current transformer and the meter simplifies service work. As shown in the block diagram, in a typical digital multimeter the input signal i. This is used in each and every house and industry for calculating the energy consumed by them. The digital signals are then processed using a dsp or a microcontroller, which then displays the amount of energy consumed on a lcd or a led display. Calculate the number of revolutions made by it, when connected to. A 3phase energy meter has same elements as in case of a singlephase energy meter. Bidirectional metering is available to customers who install renewable fuel generators such as solar, wind, hydro or biomass sources and operate the generator in parallel with their electric companys electrical system.
The basic principle of induction type energy meter is electromagnetic. The basic principle of induction type energy meter is electromagnetic induction. The meter is provided with a field to which entries can be made for this purpose ct or vt factor. The intelligent electronic meter is mainly composed of electronic components, its working principle is through the realtime sampling of user power supply voltage and current, and then use special electric energy meter ic processing of sampled voltage and current signals, and converted into electrical energy and pulse output is proportional to. So energy meters measure the rapid voltage and currents, calculate their. The total energy consists of pressure energy, kinetic energy and potential energy or datum energy. Ammeter definition and working principle electrical. If one uses one kilowatt in onehour duration, one unit of energy gets consumed. It is often incased in glass and has a disk that rotates that.
What is the thermal mass flow meter working principle. Smart card, which is the switch, gives information about the limitation of units. As disk type energy meters are obsolete there is no need to discuss them here. An electric meter or energy meter is an essential device that goes with consumption of commercially distributed energy.
Study of single phase induction type energy meter or watt. Basic working principle of all energy meters are same except disk type energy meter. They induce energy which is oscillating between the electric and magnetic field of the capacitor and inductor respectively. Utilities are one of the electrical departments, which install these instruments at every place like homes, industries, organizations, commercial buildings to charge for the electricity consumption by loads such as lights, fans, refrigerator. The principle of operation of trivector energy meter is explained with the help of block diagram. Electric power, p, is defined as the rate at which electric energy, a work, is. This test is fragmented in two parts one is emission tests, and the other is immunity test. Principle of magnetic flow meter based on faradays law. What is the working principle of energy meters measure. The rotation of this disk is base of energy measurement 8. The electromagnetic interference problem is very common today. This will reduce the energy wastage and save lot of energy for future use.
The energy is the total power consumed and utilised by the load at a particular interval of time. In conclusion, hardware and software were designed to deal with the problem of the current waveform and accurately display real voltage, current, power. Energy meter or watthour meter is an electrical instrument that measures the amount of electrical energy used by the consumers. When measurements are performed with upstream transformers, the displayed energy value must be multiplied by the transformation ratios. Lux meter working principle most of the lux meters consist of a body, photocell or light sensor, and display. Digital multimeter working principle analyse a meter. This will be converted into corresponding measurements in the display section. Energy meter working principle and construction electronic. The energy meter reading is compared with the smart. This is a microcontroller based wireless energy meter, as 8051 microcontroller is used for controlling the entire system. The resonance is the condition exists in the circuit when their inductance and capacitance reactance are of equal magnitude. In particular, conventional current flows into the positive terminal for. Working principle and construction of energy meter video lecture of measurement of capacitance chapter in subject electronic instrumentation and measurement for electrical, electronics, extc.
Electromechanical type the electromechanical induction meter operates by counting the revolutions of a nonmagnetic, but electrically conductive, metal disc which is made to rotate at a speed pro. If a meter is used in combination with a current transformer. An analogue to digital converter is used to sample voltage and current relative to incoming. A digital multimeter dmm is an instrument that can measure several basic electrical quantities and shows the measurement with a number in a display. Some can also measure other electrical quantities such as frequency or even.
Single phase induction type energy meter construction, working principle,operation,creeping,torque equation the measurement of energy is the same process as measurement of power except that the instrument not merely indicates the power or rate of supply of energy but must take into account also the length of time for which the rate of energy is. So energy meters measure the rapid voltage and curren. Moving system energy meter has a moveable aluminum disk in it which is mounted on a vertical shaft. An electric meter or energy meter is a device that measures the amount of electrical energy supplied to or produced by a residence, business or machine. This paper defines the spot monitoring of the energy meters to. It is used in domestic and industrial ac circuit for measuring the power consumption. The primary controller collects information from energy meter as well as from the smart card. The working of venturimeter is based on the principle of bernoullis equation.
Microcontroller based wireless energy meter working. When used in electricity retailing, the utilities record the values measured by these meters to generate an invoice for the electricity. Electronic meters consists of current and voltage sensors which sense the amount of current and voltage consumed and this analog signal is sampled and digitized using adcs. The thermal mass meter measures gas flow based on the concept of convective heat transfer. In order to check out the wide area real time investigation is needed 5. Single phase induction type energy meter construction,working principle,operation,creeping,torque equation the measurement of energy is the same process as measurement of power except that the instrument not merely indicates the power or rate of supply of energy but must take into account also the length of time for which the rate of energy. It works on the basic principle of bernoullis equation. It enables systematic pricing of energy consumed by individual consumer as it measures the amount of electrical energy consumed by a residence, business, or an electrically powered device 1. An energy meter is used to measure the energy consumed in the kilowatt hours.
The electronic energy meter is also better protected against tampering than its mechanical predecessor, and units for prepaid operation e. Even this is an advanced technology it cannot cover the remote area. The electricity consumption meter shown in the figure facilitates the billing of energy meter along with load control using wireless gsm technology. The sage flow meters are available in either inline flow bodies or insertionstyle. The light that falls on to the photocell or sensor contains energy that is converted to electric current. It is used everywhere, no matter how big or small consumption it is. The block diagram of this project mainly includes power supply unit, a microcontroller, smart card reader, energy meter, buzzer, relay, lcd, smart and led indicators. Handbook on electricity meters asiapacific economic cooperation. To understand the basics, simple digital energy meters is the best option because all the other meters are merely an upgraded form of them. It involve four steps in its working driving force moving system breaking system registering system 7. The meter which is used for measuring the energy utilises by the electric load is known as the energy meter. The working principle of multifunctional smart meter. Venturimeter principle, construction and working with. Here we discuss the construction and working principle of induction type energy meter.
Electricity theft control using smart prepaid energy meter. An electromagnetic compatible test is the most important test which finally ensures the accuracy of the energy meter. Working the microcontroller at89s52 acts as the primary controller. All multimeters measure ac and dc voltage voltmeter, ac and dc current ammeter, and resistance ohmmeter. The principle of working and construction of induction type meter is very simple and easy to understand thats why these are widely used in measuring energy in domestic as well as the industrial world. Measures active electrical energy, integrating active power with respect to time. Controlling of electricity theft using smart prepaid energy meter. The internal nonvolatile memory of the microcontroller is used to store the consumed electricity. The working principle of an electronic energy meter is a device that measures the electronic energy consumed usually in kwh. Prepaymentprepaid energy meter introduction and working. The conventional mechanical energy meter is based on the phenomenon of magnetic induction. System10 btu meter manual 0918 065124 18323 page 2 safety information this meter was calibrated at the factory before shipment.
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